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KMID : 0545120210310030358
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Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
2021 Volume.31 No. 3 p.358 ~ p.367
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Comparison of Digital PCR and Quantitative PCR with Various SARS-CoV-2 Primer-Probe Sets
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Park Chang-Woo
Lee Jina
Hassan Zohaib Ul
Ku Keun-Bon
Kim Seong-Jun
Kim Hong-Gi
Park Edmond Chang-Kyun
Park Gun-Soo
Park Dae-Ui
Baek Seung-Hwa
Park Dong-Ju
Lee Ji-Hye
Jeon Sang-Eun
Kim Seung-Taek
Lee Chang-Seop
Yoo Hee-Min
Kim Se-Il
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Abstract
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The World Health Organization (WHO) has declared the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) as an international health emergency. Current diagnostic tests are based on the reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) method, which is the gold standard test that involves the amplification of viral RNA. However, the RT-qPCR assay has limitations in terms of sensitivity and quantification. In this study, we tested both qPCR and droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) to detect low amounts of viral RNA. The cycle threshold (CT) of the viral RNA by RT-PCR significantly varied according to the sequences of the primer and probe sets with in vitro transcript (IVT) RNA or viral RNA as templates, whereas the copy number of the viral RNA by ddPCR was effectively quantified with IVT RNA, cultured viral RNA, and RNA from clinical samples. Furthermore, the clinical samples were assayed via both methods, and the sensitivity of the ddPCR was determined to be equal to or more than that of the RT-qPCR. However, the ddPCR assay is more suitable for determining the copy number of reference materials. These findings suggest that the qPCR assay with the ddPCR defined reference materials could be used as a highly sensitive and compatible diagnostic method for viral RNA detection.
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KEYWORD
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COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), droplet digital PCR (ddPCR), nucleocapsid protein gene, envelope protein gene
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